#LyX File created by multimarkdown
\lyxformat 413
\begin_document
\begin_header
\textclass memoir
\begin_preamble
\usepackage{listings}
\usepackage{natbib}
\usepackage{nomencl}
\usepackage{booktabs}
\usepackage{refstyle}
\usepackage{varioref}
\bibpunct{(}{)}{,}{a}{,}{,}
\newref{part}{refcmd={Part \ref{#1} \vpageref{#1}}}
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\newref{subse}{refcmd={Subsection \ref{#1} \vpageref{#1}}}
\newref{subsu}{refcmd={Subsubsection \ref{#1} \vpageref{#1}}}
\newref{parag}{refcmd={Paragraph \ref{#1} \vpageref{#1}}}
\newref{subpa}{refcmd={Subparagraph \ref{#1} \vpageref{#1}}}
\newref{tab}{refcmd={Table \ref{#1} \vpageref{#1}}}
\newref{fig}{refcmd={Figure \ref{#1} \vpageref{#1}}}
\end_preamble
\options refpage
\begin_modules
\end_modules
\bibtex_command default
\cite_engine natbib_authoryear
\end_header
\begin_body

\begin_layout Part
Markdown: Basics
\begin_inset CommandInset label
LatexCommand label
name "part:markdown:basics"
\end_inset

\end_layout

\begin_layout Chapter
Getting the Gist of Markdown's Formatting Syntax
\begin_inset CommandInset label
LatexCommand label
name "chapt:gettingthegistofmarkdownsformattingsyntax"
\end_inset

\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
This page offers a brief overview of what it's like to use Markdown.
 The 
\begin_inset CommandInset href
LatexCommand href
target "/projects/markdown/syntax"
name "syntax page"

\end_inset

\begin_inset Foot
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\begin_inset CommandInset href
LatexCommand href

name "/projects/markdown/syntax"
target "/projects/markdown/syntax"

\end_inset
\end_layout

\end_inset
 provides complete, detailed documentation for
 every feature, but Markdown should be very easy to pick up simply by
 looking at a few examples of it in action. The examples on this page
 are written in a before/after style, showing example syntax and the
 HTML output produced by Markdown.
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
It's also helpful to simply try Markdown out; the 
\begin_inset CommandInset href
LatexCommand href
target "/projects/markdown/dingus"
name "Dingus"

\end_inset

\begin_inset Foot
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\begin_inset CommandInset href
LatexCommand href

name "/projects/markdown/dingus"
target "/projects/markdown/dingus"

\end_inset
\end_layout

\end_inset
 is a
 web application that allows you type your own Markdown-formatted text
 and translate it to XHTML.
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard

\series bold
Note:
\series default
 This document is itself written using Markdown; you
 can 
\begin_inset CommandInset href
LatexCommand href
target "/projects/markdown/basics.text"
name "see the source for it by adding '.text' to the URL"

\end_inset

\begin_inset Foot
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout

\begin_inset CommandInset href
LatexCommand href

name "/projects/markdown/basics.text"
target "/projects/markdown/basics.text"

\end_inset
\end_layout

\end_inset
.
\end_layout

\begin_layout Chapter
Paragraphs, Headers, Blockquotes
\begin_inset CommandInset label
LatexCommand label
name "chapt:paragraphsheadersblockquotes"
\end_inset

\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
A paragraph is simply one or more consecutive lines of text, separated
 by one or more blank lines. (A blank line is any line that looks like a
 blank line -- a line containing nothing spaces or tabs is considered
 blank.) Normal paragraphs should not be intended with spaces or tabs.
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
Markdown offers two styles of headers: 
\emph on
Setext
\emph default
 and 
\emph on
atx
\emph default
.
 Setext-style headers for 
\family typewriter
<h1>
\family default
 and 
\family typewriter
<h2>
\family default
 are created by
 
\begin_inset Quotes eld
\end_inset
underlining
\begin_inset Quotes erd
\end_inset
 with equal signs (
\family typewriter
=
\family default
) and hyphens (
\family typewriter
-
\family default
), respectively.
 To create an atx-style header, you put 1--6 hash marks (
\family typewriter
#
\family default
) at the
 beginning of the line -- the number of hashes equals the resulting
 HTML header level.
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
Blockquotes are indicated using email-style 
\begin_inset Quotes els
\end_inset

\family typewriter
>
\family default

\begin_inset Quotes ers
\end_inset
 angle brackets.
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
Markdown:
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset listings
lstparams "basicstyle={\footnotesize\ttfamily}"
inline false
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout

A First Level Header
\end_layout

\begin_layout Plain Layout

====================
\end_layout

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\end_layout

\begin_layout Plain Layout

A Second Level Header
\end_layout

\begin_layout Plain Layout

---------------------
\end_layout

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\end_layout

\begin_layout Plain Layout

Now is the time for all good men to come to
\end_layout

\begin_layout Plain Layout

the aid of their country. This is just a
\end_layout

\begin_layout Plain Layout

regular paragraph.
\end_layout

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\end_layout

\begin_layout Plain Layout

The quick brown fox jumped over the lazy
\end_layout

\begin_layout Plain Layout

dog's back.
\end_layout

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\end_layout

\begin_layout Plain Layout

### Header 3
\end_layout

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\end_layout

\begin_layout Plain Layout

> This is a blockquote.
\end_layout

\begin_layout Plain Layout

> 
\end_layout

\begin_layout Plain Layout

> This is the second paragraph in the blockquote.
\end_layout

\begin_layout Plain Layout

>
\end_layout

\begin_layout Plain Layout

> ## This is an H2 in a blockquote
\end_layout

\end_inset
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
Output:
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset listings
lstparams "basicstyle={\footnotesize\ttfamily}"
inline false
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout

<h1>A First Level Header</h1>
\end_layout

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\end_layout

\begin_layout Plain Layout

<h2>A Second Level Header</h2>
\end_layout

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\end_layout

\begin_layout Plain Layout

<p>Now is the time for all good men to come to
\end_layout

\begin_layout Plain Layout

the aid of their country. This is just a
\end_layout

\begin_layout Plain Layout

regular paragraph.</p>
\end_layout

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\end_layout

\begin_layout Plain Layout

<p>The quick brown fox jumped over the lazy
\end_layout

\begin_layout Plain Layout

dog's back.</p>
\end_layout

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\end_layout

\begin_layout Plain Layout

<h3>Header 3</h3>
\end_layout

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\end_layout

\begin_layout Plain Layout

<blockquote>
\end_layout

\begin_layout Plain Layout

    <p>This is a blockquote.</p>
\end_layout

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\end_layout

\begin_layout Plain Layout

    <p>This is the second paragraph in the blockquote.</p>
\end_layout

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\end_layout

\begin_layout Plain Layout

    <h2>This is an H2 in a blockquote</h2>
\end_layout

\begin_layout Plain Layout

</blockquote>
\end_layout

\end_inset
\end_layout

\begin_layout Section
Phrase Emphasis
\begin_inset CommandInset label
LatexCommand label
name "secti:phraseemphasis"
\end_inset

\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
Markdown uses asterisks and underscores to indicate spans of emphasis.
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
Markdown:
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset listings
lstparams "basicstyle={\footnotesize\ttfamily}"
inline false
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout

Some of these words *are emphasized*.
\end_layout

\begin_layout Plain Layout

Some of these words _are emphasized also_.
\end_layout

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\end_layout

\begin_layout Plain Layout

Use two asterisks for **strong emphasis**.
\end_layout

\begin_layout Plain Layout

Or, if you prefer, __use two underscores instead__.
\end_layout

\end_inset
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
Output:
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset listings
lstparams "basicstyle={\footnotesize\ttfamily}"
inline false
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout

<p>Some of these words <em>are emphasized</em>.
\end_layout

\begin_layout Plain Layout

Some of these words <em>are emphasized also</em>.</p>
\end_layout

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\end_layout

\begin_layout Plain Layout

<p>Use two asterisks for <strong>strong emphasis</strong>.
\end_layout

\begin_layout Plain Layout

Or, if you prefer, <strong>use two underscores instead</strong>.</p>
\end_layout

\end_inset
\end_layout

\begin_layout Chapter
Lists
\begin_inset CommandInset label
LatexCommand label
name "chapt:lists"
\end_inset

\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
Unordered (bulleted) lists use asterisks, pluses, and hyphens (
\family typewriter
*
\family default
,
 
\family typewriter
+
\family default
, and 
\family typewriter
-
\family default
) as list markers. These three markers are
 interchangable; this:
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset listings
lstparams "basicstyle={\footnotesize\ttfamily}"
inline false
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout

*   Candy.
\end_layout

\begin_layout Plain Layout

*   Gum.
\end_layout

\begin_layout Plain Layout

*   Booze.
\end_layout

\end_inset
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
this:
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset listings
lstparams "basicstyle={\footnotesize\ttfamily}"
inline false
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout

+   Candy.
\end_layout

\begin_layout Plain Layout

+   Gum.
\end_layout

\begin_layout Plain Layout

+   Booze.
\end_layout

\end_inset
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
and this:
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset listings
lstparams "basicstyle={\footnotesize\ttfamily}"
inline false
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout

-   Candy.
\end_layout

\begin_layout Plain Layout

-   Gum.
\end_layout

\begin_layout Plain Layout

-   Booze.
\end_layout

\end_inset
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
all produce the same output:
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset listings
lstparams "basicstyle={\footnotesize\ttfamily}"
inline false
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout

<ul>
\end_layout

\begin_layout Plain Layout

<li>Candy.</li>
\end_layout

\begin_layout Plain Layout

<li>Gum.</li>
\end_layout

\begin_layout Plain Layout

<li>Booze.</li>
\end_layout

\begin_layout Plain Layout

</ul>
\end_layout

\end_inset
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
Ordered (numbered) lists use regular numbers, followed by periods, as
 list markers:
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset listings
lstparams "basicstyle={\footnotesize\ttfamily}"
inline false
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout

1.  Red
\end_layout

\begin_layout Plain Layout

2.  Green
\end_layout

\begin_layout Plain Layout

3.  Blue
\end_layout

\end_inset
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
Output:
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset listings
lstparams "basicstyle={\footnotesize\ttfamily}"
inline false
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout

<ol>
\end_layout

\begin_layout Plain Layout

<li>Red</li>
\end_layout

\begin_layout Plain Layout

<li>Green</li>
\end_layout

\begin_layout Plain Layout

<li>Blue</li>
\end_layout

\begin_layout Plain Layout

</ol>
\end_layout

\end_inset
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
If you put blank lines between items, you'll get 
\family typewriter
<p>
\family default
 tags for the
 list item text. You can create multi-paragraph list items by indenting
 the paragraphs by 4 spaces or 1 tab:
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset listings
lstparams "basicstyle={\footnotesize\ttfamily}"
inline false
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout

*   A list item.
\end_layout

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\end_layout

\begin_layout Plain Layout

    With multiple paragraphs.
\end_layout

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\end_layout

\begin_layout Plain Layout

*   Another item in the list.
\end_layout

\end_inset
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
Output:
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset listings
lstparams "basicstyle={\footnotesize\ttfamily}"
inline false
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout

<ul>
\end_layout

\begin_layout Plain Layout

<li><p>A list item.</p>
\end_layout

\begin_layout Plain Layout

<p>With multiple paragraphs.</p></li>
\end_layout

\begin_layout Plain Layout

<li><p>Another item in the list.</p></li>
\end_layout

\begin_layout Plain Layout

</ul>
\end_layout

\end_inset
\end_layout

\begin_layout Section
Links
\begin_inset CommandInset label
LatexCommand label
name "secti:links"
\end_inset

\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
Markdown supports two styles for creating links: 
\emph on
inline
\emph default
 and
 
\emph on
reference
\emph default
. With both styles, you use square brackets to delimit the
 text you want to turn into a link.
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
Inline-style links use parentheses immediately after the link text.
 For example:
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset listings
lstparams "basicstyle={\footnotesize\ttfamily}"
inline false
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout

This is an [example link](http://example.com/).
\end_layout

\end_inset
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
Output:
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset listings
lstparams "basicstyle={\footnotesize\ttfamily}"
inline false
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout

<p>This is an <a href="http://example.com/">
\end_layout

\begin_layout Plain Layout

example link</a>.</p>
\end_layout

\end_inset
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
Optionally, you may include a title attribute in the parentheses:
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset listings
lstparams "basicstyle={\footnotesize\ttfamily}"
inline false
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout

This is an [example link](http://example.com/ "With a Title").
\end_layout

\end_inset
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
Output:
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset listings
lstparams "basicstyle={\footnotesize\ttfamily}"
inline false
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout

<p>This is an <a href="http://example.com/" title="With a Title">
\end_layout

\begin_layout Plain Layout

example link</a>.</p>
\end_layout

\end_inset
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
Reference-style links allow you to refer to your links by names, which
 you define elsewhere in your document:
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset listings
lstparams "basicstyle={\footnotesize\ttfamily}"
inline false
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout

I get 10 times more traffic from [Google][1] than from
\end_layout

\begin_layout Plain Layout

[Yahoo][2] or [MSN][3].
\end_layout

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\end_layout

\begin_layout Plain Layout

[1]: http://google.com/        "Google"
\end_layout

\begin_layout Plain Layout

[2]: http://search.yahoo.com/  "Yahoo Search"
\end_layout

\begin_layout Plain Layout

[3]: http://search.msn.com/    "MSN Search"
\end_layout

\end_inset
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
Output:
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset listings
lstparams "basicstyle={\footnotesize\ttfamily}"
inline false
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout

<p>I get 10 times more traffic from <a href="http://google.com/"
\end_layout

\begin_layout Plain Layout

title="Google">Google</a> than from <a href="http://search.yahoo.com/"
\end_layout

\begin_layout Plain Layout

title="Yahoo Search">Yahoo</a> or <a href="http://search.msn.com/"
\end_layout

\begin_layout Plain Layout

title="MSN Search">MSN</a>.</p>
\end_layout

\end_inset
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
The title attribute is optional. Link names may contain letters,
 numbers and spaces, but are 
\emph on
not
\emph default
 case sensitive:
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset listings
lstparams "basicstyle={\footnotesize\ttfamily}"
inline false
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout

I start my morning with a cup of coffee and
\end_layout

\begin_layout Plain Layout

[The New York Times][NY Times].
\end_layout

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\end_layout

\begin_layout Plain Layout

[ny times]: http://www.nytimes.com/
\end_layout

\end_inset
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
Output:
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset listings
lstparams "basicstyle={\footnotesize\ttfamily}"
inline false
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout

<p>I start my morning with a cup of coffee and
\end_layout

\begin_layout Plain Layout

<a href="http://www.nytimes.com/">The New York Times</a>.</p>
\end_layout

\end_inset
\end_layout

\begin_layout Section
Images
\begin_inset CommandInset label
LatexCommand label
name "secti:images"
\end_inset

\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
Image syntax is very much like link syntax.
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
Inline (titles are optional):
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset listings
lstparams "basicstyle={\footnotesize\ttfamily}"
inline false
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout

![alt text](/path/to/img.jpg "Title")
\end_layout

\end_inset
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
Reference-style:
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset listings
lstparams "basicstyle={\footnotesize\ttfamily}"
inline false
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout

![alt text][id]
\end_layout

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\end_layout

\begin_layout Plain Layout

[id]: /path/to/img.jpg "Title"
\end_layout

\end_inset
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
Both of the above examples produce the same output:
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset listings
lstparams "basicstyle={\footnotesize\ttfamily}"
inline false
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout

<img src="/path/to/img.jpg" alt="alt text" title="Title" />
\end_layout

\end_inset
\end_layout

\begin_layout Section
Code
\begin_inset CommandInset label
LatexCommand label
name "secti:code"
\end_inset

\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
In a regular paragraph, you can create code span by wrapping text in
 backtick quotes. Any ampersands (
\family typewriter
&
\family default
) and angle brackets (
\family typewriter
<
\family default
 or
 
\family typewriter
>
\family default
) will automatically be translated into HTML entities. This makes
 it easy to use Markdown to write about HTML example code:
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset listings
lstparams "basicstyle={\footnotesize\ttfamily}"
inline false
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout

I strongly recommend against using any `<blink>` tags.
\end_layout

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\end_layout

\begin_layout Plain Layout

I wish SmartyPants used named entities like `&mdash;`
\end_layout

\begin_layout Plain Layout

instead of decimal-encoded entites like `&#8212;`.
\end_layout

\end_inset
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
Output:
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset listings
lstparams "basicstyle={\footnotesize\ttfamily}"
inline false
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout

<p>I strongly recommend against using any
\end_layout

\begin_layout Plain Layout

<code>&lt;blink&gt;</code> tags.</p>
\end_layout

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\end_layout

\begin_layout Plain Layout

<p>I wish SmartyPants used named entities like
\end_layout

\begin_layout Plain Layout

<code>&amp;mdash;</code> instead of decimal-encoded
\end_layout

\begin_layout Plain Layout

entites like <code>&amp;#8212;</code>.</p>
\end_layout

\end_inset
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
To specify an entire block of pre-formatted code, indent every line of
 the block by 4 spaces or 1 tab. Just like with code spans, 
\family typewriter
&
\family default
, 
\family typewriter
<
\family default
,
 and 
\family typewriter
>
\family default
 characters will be escaped automatically.
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
Markdown:
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset listings
lstparams "basicstyle={\footnotesize\ttfamily}"
inline false
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout

If you want your page to validate under XHTML 1.0 Strict,
\end_layout

\begin_layout Plain Layout

you've got to put paragraph tags in your blockquotes:
\end_layout

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\end_layout

\begin_layout Plain Layout

    <blockquote>
\end_layout

\begin_layout Plain Layout

        <p>For example.</p>
\end_layout

\begin_layout Plain Layout

    </blockquote>
\end_layout

\end_inset
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
Output:
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset listings
lstparams "basicstyle={\footnotesize\ttfamily}"
inline false
status collapsed

\begin_layout Plain Layout

<p>If you want your page to validate under XHTML 1.0 Strict,
\end_layout

\begin_layout Plain Layout

you've got to put paragraph tags in your blockquotes:</p>
\end_layout

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\end_layout

\begin_layout Plain Layout

<pre><code>&lt;blockquote&gt;
\end_layout

\begin_layout Plain Layout

    &lt;p&gt;For example.&lt;/p&gt;
\end_layout

\begin_layout Plain Layout

&lt;/blockquote&gt;
\end_layout

\begin_layout Plain Layout

</code></pre>
\end_layout

\end_inset
\end_layout

\end_body
\end_document